Beijing is mastering subtraction, but struggling with basic economics. A crackdown on the country’s $120 billion tutoring industry may help address manic competition for college preparation, which distorts the labour supply and suppresses the birth rate. It’s a byproduct of a widening wealth gap, however, and this approach could make it worse.

Chinese tiger parents serve investors well. Families in Shanghai’s Jing’an district, for example, spent around $80,000 per child on educational services before they even reached high school, a 2019 state think-tank survey found. Multiplying by 400 million middle-income people produces a massive market. TAL Education and Gaotu Techedu are among the companies that rode the thesis straight onto U.S. bourses.

There’s no mandate to “leave no child behind” in China. Teachers identify the best students early and invest in them. The playing field is theoretically flat; children who score well on the all-important “gaokao” college exam can pull a family out of poverty. Nobody likes “teaching to the test” more than poor Chinese parents.

But manic rivalry has engendered a negative feedback loop. To please competitive moms and dads, schools force advanced concepts onto kids too soon, including MBA courses in elementary school. They swamp them in homework, supplemented by weeknight and weekend tutoring sessions. Constant cramming inhibits development of critical thinking. Many students graduate with little practical life or work experience, but are on the hook to support their parents in retirement and continue the cycle with a car, house and their own kids. Small wonder birth rates remain low.

Suppressing tutoring businesses – including with weekend bans, as Reuters recently reported will happen – is expedient. Yet the industry’s excesses reflect middle-class anxieties the elite are pulling up the class ladder behind them. The number of poor students in top schools is shrinking, and poor provinces are falling behind wealthy ones.

Rich parents have no trouble paying for one-on-one lessons, enabling them to cement their educational advantage. For everyone else, the new policies might reduce the expense of raising children, but at the cost of future earning power – no incentive to have more kids. Policymakers are due an economic refresher course.
Source: Reuters (By Pete Sweeney)